Doppler ultrasonography and venous malformations.
Auteurs/Authors : Forgues F.
Summary :
Venous malformations (VM) are the most common vascular malformations encountered in the activity of the vascular physician.
Progress in understanding these vascular anomalies has led to the creation of classifications, the major contribution of which is the homogenisation of descriptions and denominations.
The Duplex ultrasound scan (DUS) is the first-line exam to be taken.
It is non-invasive and easily achievable in children and newborns.
It allows the confirmation of the diagnosis of VM by the detection of a slow flow and to refine the diagnosis, by specifying the presence of combined malformations, associating a capillary and/or lymphatic and/or arterial component.
The DUS also allows the diagnosis of the 2 main complications of venous malformations, thrombosis and venous insufficiency.
The examination report must be standardized.
The truncular or extratruncular shape of the VM should be mentioned and as much detail as possible on anatomical relationships and measurements should be noted.
Each VM is unique and each particularity or complication found on ultrasound can have an impact on the choice of treatment.
The purpose of this chapter is to help physicians who are confronted with VMs in their practice to better understand this pathology, so that they can better explore and treat it.
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